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  <h1 class="h11">外篇 卷四十六 讥惑</h1>
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<div class="articleContent" id="articleContent"> <p>抱朴子曰：澄浊剖判，庶物化生，习 族或能应对焉，毛宗或有知言焉。于玃识往，归终知来，玄禽解陰陽，虫也虫岂远泉流，蓍龟无以过焉，甘石不能胜焉。夫唯无礼，不厕贵性，厥初邃古，民无阶级，上帝悼混然之甚陋，悯巢穴之可鄙，故构栋宇以去鸟兽之群，制礼数以异等威之品。教以盘旋，训以揖让，立则磬折，拱则抱鼓，趋步升降之节，瞻视接对之容，至於三千。盖检溢之堤防，人理之所急也。故俨若冠於曲礼，望貌首於五事，出门有见宾之肃，闲居有敬独之戒，颜生整仪於宵浴，仲由临命而结缨，恭容暂废，惰慢已及，安上治民，非此莫以。</p><p>盖人之有礼，犹鱼之有水矣。鱼之失水，虽暂假息，然枯糜可必待也。人之弃礼，虽犹面见然，而祸败之阶也。鲁秉周礼，暴兵不加，魏式干木，锐冠旋旆。大楚带甲百万，而有振槁之月色；强秦肴函袭崄，而无折柳之固。岂非弃三本而丧根柢之攸召哉！矧乎安逸触情，丧乱日久，风秃页教沮，抑断之仪废，简脱之俗成，近人值政化之蚩役，庸民遭道网之绝紊，犹网鱼之去水罟，围兽之出陆罗也。</p><p>丧乱以来，事物屡变，冠履衣服，袖袂财制，日月改易，无复一定。乍长乍短，一广一狭，忽高忽卑，或粗或细，所饰无常，以同为快。其好事者，朝夕放效，所谓“京辇贵大眉，远方皆半额”也。</p><p>余实凡夫，拙於随俗，其服物变不胜，故不变，无所损者，余未曾易也。虽见指笑，余亦不理也。岂苟欲违众哉，诚以为不急耳。上国众事，所以胜江 表者多，然亦有可否者，君子行礼，不求变俗，谓违本邦之他国，不改其桑梓之法也。况其在於父母之 乡，亦何为当事弃旧而强更学乎！吴之善书，则有皇象刘纂岑伯然朱季平，皆一代之绝手，如中州有锺元常胡 孔明张芝索靖，各一邦之妙，并用古体，俱足周事。</p><p>余谓废已习 之法，更勤苦以学中国之书，尚可不须也，况於乃有转易其声音，以效北语，既不能便良，似可耻可笑，所谓不得邯郸之步，而有匍匐之嗤者。此犹其小者耳，乃有遭丧者，而学中国哭者，令忽然无复念之情。昔锺仪庄舃，不忘本声，古人韪之。</p><p>孔子云：丧亲者，若婴儿之失母。其号岂常声之有！宁令哀有余而礼不足，哭以泄哀，妍拙何在？而乃治饰其音，非痛切之谓也。又闻贵人在大哀，或有疾病，服石散以数食宣药势，以饮酒为性命，疾患危笃，不堪风冷，帏帐茵褥，任其所安，於是凡琐小人之有财力者，了不复居於丧位，常在别房，高床 重褥，美食大饮，或与密客，引满投空，至於沈醉。曰：‘此京洛之法也。”不亦惜哉！</p><p>余之乡里，先德君子，其居重难，或并在衰老，於礼唯应衰麻在身，不成丧致毁者，皆过哀啜粥，口不经甘。时人虽不肖者，莫不企及自勉，而今人乃自取如此，何其相去之辽缅乎！又凡人不解，呼谓中国之人居丧者多皆奢溢，殊不然也。吾闻晋之宣景文武四帝，居亲丧皆毁瘠逾制，又不用王氏二十五月之礼，皆行七月服，於时天下之在重哀者，咸以四帝为法，世人何独不闻此，而虚诬高人，不亦惑乎！</p> </div>
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